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UN R155 makes cybersecurity management a condition of EU type approval. What CSMS requires, which ve...
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UN R156 turns software update management into a condition of EU type approval. What SUMS requires, w...
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The CRA applies to far more products than many companies assume. This article explains the definitio...
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California SB-327 has been in force since 1 January 2020 and requires connected devices to have reas...
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NTEK provides testing and certification for explosion-protected electrical products, covering domest...
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On 15 May 2025 the European Commission published Implementing Decision (EU) 2025/893 amending Decisi...
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A fuel vehicle uses 600 to 700 chips, an electric vehicle about 1,600 and a smart vehicle up to 3,00...
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AEC-Q104 is the automotive stress test qualification for multi-chip modules. This article covers its...
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AEC-Q101 covers discrete semiconductors while AEC-Q200 covers passive components. This article expla...
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Lidar and millimetre wave radar are the two main sensors for surround perception. This article compa...
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Filters remove high frequency noise from power rails and select bands in the RF front end. This arti...
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Body and cockpit domain controllers now carry most vehicle functions. This article reviews MCU requi...
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Die shear testing measures the adhesion between a die and its substrate, making it a direct indicato...
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CDM simulates the fast charge release that occurs when a device carrying static charge touches groun...
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Connector ratings fall into four main groups: electrical, mechanical, environmental and mounting per...
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HAST applies high temperature, high humidity and pressure to accelerate ageing of non-hermetic packa...
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Reliability testing establishes how electronic products behave in various operating and storage envi...
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Ageing is irreversible and universal in materials. This article explains why materials age and sets ...
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PCB reliability testing covers ionic contamination, solder mask chemical resistance and hardness, pe...
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Insulation resistance, dielectric withstand voltage and contact resistance are the three basic elect...
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